Application Notes

Quantitative Depth Profile (QDP) Analysis of Cr Marker in Alumina Sample

Expand Your PFAS Analysis. Screen for Targets and Identify Unknowns Simultaneously | Pegasus BT | 203-821-678

Quantitative Depth Profile (QDP) Analysis of Galvannealed Steel

Analysis of Inconel 718

Simple Group-Type Analyses of Aviation Fuels | Paradigm GCxGC | 209-200-175

Analysis of Tin-Based Lead-Free Solder by LECO GDS500A

Quantitative Depth Profile (QDP) Analysis of NIST 2135c - Ni/Cr Thin Film Depth Profile Standard

Reformulation of Perfume Sample with GCxGC-TOFMS/FID | Pegasus BT 4D with Paradigm Shift | 209-200-173

Dual Detection of Plastics Derived Pyrolysis Oil | Pegasus BT 4D with Paradigm Shift | 209-200-172

Quantitative Depth Profile (QDP) Analysis of Thin Oxide Layer on Polished Stainless Steel

Analysis of Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V)

Determining the amount of carbon and sulfur in iron, steel, nickel, and cobalt alloys represents two major quality metrics for these materials. The CS844 utilizes a high-efficiency induction furnace to quickly break down these materials and allows rapid determination of carbon and sulfur. LECO Ref. #230-821-423

Two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) analysis of individual chemical components of a Citronella essential oil sample with LECO Pegasus® BT 4D. LECO Ref. #203-821-611

Determining and identifying individual analytes within a complex sample can provide important information to better understand a product or process. This exploratory analysis is readily accomplished with GC-TOFMS, as it provides non-targeted data with every acquisition. The Pegasus BT adds to the chromatographic separation by taking advantage of the full mass range data with mathematical deconvolution to further separate chromatographic coelutions. These capabilities provide excellent information about a sample and the ChromaTOF brand software contains tools to help streamline data analysis.

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometers are excellent tools for the analysis of essential oils (plant extracts) - the analytes of these extracts are readily separated, identified, and quantified. In this app note, Mint is analyzed. LECO Ref. #203-821-609

The gross calorific value of biomass materials is most often used when calculating the total calorific value for a biomass quantity for fuel purposes. Gross calorific values are used to calculate thermal efficiency, mass, and/or volumetric heat of combustion. The LECO AC600 Isoperibol Calorimeter can be utilized to find this value.

Decarburization can be defined as the loss of carbon from the surface of iron-based alloys as the result of heating in a medium that reacts with the carbon. The surface of decarburized steel is softer than the core, and at times it is necessary to quantify the degree of decarburization. LECO Ref. #230-821-313

Utilization of GCxGC TOF-MS to compare brand-name perfume with two drugstore imitations. Explore how the Pegasus BT 4D isolates chemical similarities and differences among the scents. LECO Ref. #203-821-597

Analysis of Cast Irons

Analysis of Stainless Steels (Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steels)

Bulk Analysis of Tool Steels, High Speed (T & M), Hot and ColdWork (H & D)

Glow Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometry and its performance in Accordance with ASTM E1009

Glow Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometry and its Performance in Accordance with ASTM E415

Bulk Analysis of Fasteners Using 2 mm Lamp (Rivet, Screw and Bolt)

Bulk Analysis of Cast and Wrought Aluminum Alloys

Why Can GDS Analyze Grey Iron and Other As-Cast Materials?

Bulk Analysis of Hot Dip Galvanizing Bath Using the GDS500A

Analysis of Low Alloy, Cr-Mo,12L14 and Hadfield Steels

Bulk Analysis of Nickel Based Alloys Using the GDS500A

Pseudo Elements: Use, Format, Example, Explanation and Discussion

Quality Control of GradeSpecific Materials Comparing the Small 2 mm and Standard 4 mm Glow Discharge Lamps (Grades 4340 & 8620)

Routine Analysis of Difficult Alloys Using LECO Glow Discharge

Understanding Calibration for Glow Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometry (GD-AES)

Understanding the Glow Discharge Source

Comparison of Copper Diallyl Phthalate and Conductotherm 3000 Sample Mounting Media

Recommendations for analyzing wire and rods with GDS500A Glow Discharge Spectrometer with various sample holders.

Compositional Depth Profiling of Hard Disks with Glow Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometry (GD-AES)

Quantitative Depth Profile (QDP) Analysis of Aluminized Steel

Quantitative Depth Profile (QDP) Analysis of Aluminum Clad

Quantitative Depth Profile (QDP) Analysis of Carburized Steel

Quantitative Depth Profile (QDP) Analysis of Elastomer Bonded Steel Sandwich

QDP Analysis of Galvanized Steel

Quantitative Depth Profile (QDP) Analysis of Iron Phosphate on Steel

Quantitative Depth Profile (QDP) Analysis of Plated Samples

Petroleum Forensics is the art of tracing the geochemistry of crude oil using petroleum biomarkers. Chemical biomarkers that are resistant to weathering and other forms of degradation ("molecular fossils") are crucial for differentiating the various sources.

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography can help characterize crude oil by assessing volatile and semi-volatile portions of petroleum samples to isolate and identify chemical biomarkers.

This performance note pertains to all LECO Glow Discharge Spectrometers (GDS). The purpose is to provide recommendations and associated procedures for different sample preparations prior to presenting the sample to the GDS system.